"The Ultimate Triumph of Theory Y"

Posted by: eric_garner in Blogs

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eric_garner

Can you remember your first training model?

I don't mean that dishy graduate from the IT training team or that handsome hunk from the consultancy.

I mean a theory of how people behave and relate in organisations.

I can.

It was Theory X and Y and it was nearly 35 years ago.

At the time, as a junior manager in a national UK food company, my introduction to Douglas McGregor's theory of human motivation hit me like a thunderbolt from the blue.

I can still recall the flipchart where my trainer drew a vertical line down the paper and on one side, under "Theory X", wrote that "people are lazy, will only work for money, and do no more than they have to".

And then, on the other side, to my growing fascination, wrote under "Theory Y" that "people want to learn, want to grow, and want to become something."

Looking back, I guess that day changed everything I had assumed about people, changed how I wanted to manage them, and turned me into a devotee of personal development.

In short, it made me a fan of Theory Y.

Imagine then my shock and horror to discover that, far from having changed everyone else back in the 1970's into Theory Y advocates, Theory X is still alive and well and thriving in a bank near you.

I know this because of accounts of the management style of Sir Fred Goodwin, until last year chairman of the Royal Bank of Scotland, one of the biggest banks in the world.

These accounts relate how every day during his tenure as chairman, Sir Fred would summon his top executives to his office at 9.30 prompt and grill them mercilessly about the shortcomings of any branch and its staff.

If any branch were under-performing, he would humiliate the poor executive responsible, using his favourite phrases, "I think you're asleep at the wheel" and "that's life in the big city, chum".

Sir Fred became known as Fred the Shred for his people-destroying management style. A Theory X manager incarnate.

I'm not glad that the Royal Bank of Scotland has crashed with huge debts and been bailed out by the taxpayer. Nor am I glad that in the year since its demise, thousands of hardworking bank staff have lost their jobs. And I'm certainly not glad that Sir Fred Goodwin jumped the ship in time by negotiating a massive pension for himself right at the moment in the mid-night hours when it looked as if the bank was about to run out of money for all its customers.

However, I am glad that, nearly 50 years after McGregor produced his theory, and 30-odd years after I discovered it, Theory Y has won the day.

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Clive Rounce
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written by Clive Rounce, November 19, 2009
I enjoyed reading your post. Like you I'm a fan of Theory Y. Experience shows that it's right and Theory Y management works in practice - for those who believe in it and use it. Have you got a well-known Theory Y role model?
Regards,
Clive
PS Thanks for correcting my dates - it was nearly 50 years ago.
Docnet
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written by Docnet, November 19, 2009
I enjoyed the post too. Sometimes I wonder if a similar theory can be applied to customers as well as staff: Theory X being: only wants the best deal and not engage with the brand vs. Theory Y: open to communication and looking for quality of experience as well value for money. Just an idea!

Docnet (Gareth)
Manage, Train, Learn
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written by Manage, Train, Learn, November 26, 2009
Thanks for the feedback Clive. I also enjoyed re-reading your 2 blogs on McGregor's theory X and Y. It's interesting to think that back in the days when I first came across the theory, it was used as a way of motivating staff, ie you can get more out of people by treating them as they could be rather than as they were. I think it was Goethe who said, "Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be, and he will become as he can and should be." Today, I hear echoes of this approach to people management in the advocates of Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence, ie we manage people best when we connect on the level of what we share with our fellow human beings rather than on the level of what makes us different. As for role models of Theory Y, I would love to tell you of some wonderful people I've known personally and many more who changed from being Theory X managers to Theory Y. For me, a favourite business role model who was Theory Y down to her very roots was Anita Roddick, founder of the Body Shop. Anyhow, thanks again for the inspiring comments.
Manage, Train, Learn
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written by Manage, Train, Learn, November 26, 2009
Gareth, you're absolutely right. As I mention in my reply to Clive, the Theory X - Theory Y idea goes to the heart of all human interactions whether staff, customers, bosses, etc. As for customers, it is sad to think that many of our customer experiences are still with Theory X organisations (banks, anyone? utilities, mobile phone companies?) who just see the customer as a source of profit. There are some great organisations that interact with the customer on what you call a "quality of experience" basis. If you ever get the chance to visit us at ManageTrainLearn, that's what we're trying to do. Thanks for the post, Gareth. An excellent point.

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